Management Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 5

Management Portfolio - Essay Example The Safety Management System shall include policies and procedures on risk assessment and analysis and provisions for safety audits. The Quality Management section outlines the principles which project managers shall abide by in the conduct of the projects’ execution. Quality management is conducted with a view to aligning operations activities and results with the needs and demands of the customers. Project Management refers to the execution of project plans per site. It involves the internal coordination and workings among the various elements of the project, and coordination between project managers and the immediate environment (the community and local government). Operations Management refers to the coordination among the various projects and liaison between the projects and the firm. It is linked with the Financial and Commercial Management aspects of the project, in that it keeps an eye towards the cost-versus-benefits aspect of the project execution. The project management will embody the regulations of Statutory Instrument 1996 No. 1592, otherwise known as The Construction (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1996, as well as internationally accepted principles of health, safety and welfare management. Pertinent provisions of said Instrument are hereunder adopted, as follows: As a matter of policy, management assumes responsibility for instituting health and safety facilities during the project actualization, and for implementing safety standards over all persons and processes involved in the project. Management expects every employee to comply with safety rules and processes implemented during project execution. In project sites, including ingress thereto and egress therefrom, it shall be ensured that such will be free from potential hazards to any persons, as far as is reasonably practicable. Measures shall be adopted to ensure that no person gains access to any place within the project

What is Confucianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What is Confucianism - Essay Example Confucius, in his teachings, sought to improve the traditions and social life of humans. He emphasized on the ethics of conduct, which in his view is the ways of a superior man. He argues that such a man is honest, respectful and loyal to both his leaders and culture. The greatest of all, a superior man is considered humane towards his interaction with others. Hidayat at al. (2014) further explains that a society is organized in different relations: the government and its subjects, the family and the friendship aspect among others. The guiding principle of Confucianism is humaneness, commonly referred to as ‘run’, which suggests an outstanding behavior in reference to the China ritual norms and virtues (Low and Patrick 2011, p.11-127). It is an element of optimistic nature of humans, which accords that human conditions are not permanent but are bound to changes. Confucianism also records that humans are capable of learning, improving and perfecting their lives which is typically Confucian. It then recognizes heaven and its influence towards human events. Apart from its ethical principle, Confucianism has no definite ritual or practice to follow like other religions prevalent in China. It is mainly about interactions for the families, where members of the family show love, concern and the respect to each other (Low and Patrick 2011 p.111-113). Confucianism ideals are considered inspirational in that they aim at perfection. It is of the opinion that if individuals could realize their potential in creating best relations with others, they would attain perfection in their personality (Hidayat at al.

Soft Drinks India Essay Example for Free

Soft Drinks India Essay According to the ‘Product Insights: Soft Drinks in India’ report, The global soft drinks market grew at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3. 45% from 2005 to 2009 and was valued at $494. 5 billion in 2009. New product launches in the global soft drinks market increased by 8. 59% in 2009. The US was the top country by retail sales as well as by number of new product launches, followed by Japan which ranked second in both categories. Globally, India ranked 25th in terms of retail sales and 13th in terms of the number of new product launches in the soft drinks market in 2009. In spite of India’s huge population and the fact that around 47% of the population is composed of persons below 30 years of age, the per-capita consumption of soft drinks in India remains very low, at approximately at 5. 2 liters against the world average of nearly 85. 22 liters. Developed countries such as the US, Germany, Italy and Spain all have per-capita consumption in the range of 280-400 liters, showcasing the huge potential for market growth in India. Coca-Cola remains the market leader in the carbonates category with a market share of more than 60% in the Indian market, followed by Pepsi with around 35%. In the bottled water category, Parle’s Bisleri and Kinley from Coca-Cola are the leading players. The packaged juices market in India continues to be dominated by Maaza and Frooti, followed by brands such as Slice, Tropicana and Real which have registered good growths in their market shares in the past few years. Red Bull with its strong dominance of the energy drinks’ category, which is the largest segment in the functional drinks category, is the market leader in the functional drinks market. Considering the overall development of the Indian soft drinks market, a comparison can be drawn between various soft drink categories based on the major consumer segment for each category using age and economic status as the two judging criterion. For instance, while carbonates are consumed by consumers from almost all economic segments and ages in the India, considering the various packaging sizes and price points for these products, segments such as energy drinks and sports drinks are mainly consumed in the age group of around 24 years who are on the higher side in terms of economic status, i.e. working executives and the affluent class. Based on these trends, a comparison chart can be drawn between the different soft drink categories in India as given below: 60 years Juices 40 years Carbonate Nutraceutic al Drinks Carbonate X-Axis: Consumer Economic Segment Y-Axis: Consumer Age Group Juices 24 years Carbonate 15 years Middle Working Executives/Upper Middle Class Energy Drinks and Sports Drinks Affluent. Current Situation: According to the ‘Product Insights: Soft Drinks in India’ report from Datamonitor, With improving literacy rates, consumers have become increasingly aware of health and fitnessrelated issues. Additionally, due to greater disposable incomes, particularly in urban areas, consumers are seeking healthier beverages even if they are relatively more expensive, due to their positioning. Raising awareness levels with regard to obesity and other weight related health issues in the last decade, especially amongst teenagers and young adults, has helped push sales of non-carbonates. Sales of noncarbonated drinks also got a boost from the pesticide controversy which led some consumers to switch loyalties from carbonates to juices, functional drinks etc. Products such as Juice are now fast becoming as an essential part of breakfast table with urban families. Leading beverage corporations such as Cocacola and PepsiCo have identified this trend and are adopting strategies to benefit from this development. Previously, product strategy of these large corporations was largely Cola based; given that a large part of their product volumes would come from the carbonates segment. However, in the last few years, with the strong growth in the non-carbonate sector and tapering of growth within the cola segment companies such as PepsiCo have announced plans of moving towards a well diversified portfolio by increasing the volume share of other soft drink segments including juices, functional drinks and other products with health benefits etc. This is evident from the strong marketing campaigns which preceded the launch of brands such as Tropicana and Minute Maid. Growing consumer awareness about the harmful effects of artificial ingredients in food and beverages has fueled the demand for ‘natural’ or ‘free from’ products over the last few years. According to Datamonitor’s latest consumer survey, 62% of respondents globally are influenced by the claims of ‘no artificial additives including colors, flavorings and preservatives’ when making food and beverage choices. The survey further reveals that the ‘natural/organic’ claim influences the major proportion of consumers in developing countries like Brazil and China, and a significant proportion in developed economies like the US and the UK. In line with the trends as reflected in the report, several new brands such as Nimbooz, Minute Maid Nimbu Fresh, and Cocojal (from Jain Agro) have been launched in the past few years in the Indian market. These recent entrants have used the ‘natural’ claim to market their product with consumers, with products being modeled on traditional Indian drinks. For instance, Nimbooz is based on the traditional lemon drink consumed in homes and the ads reflect the natural flavors and the ‘homemade like’ taste of the product. Product Launches/Marketing Strategies: As per the ‘Product Insights: Soft Drinks in India’ report from Datamonitor, US, followed by Japan were the top countries in terms of new product launches as well as by market value. India was ranked 13th by new product launches and 25th by market value. India had the third highest percentage growth (11%) in global soft drinks market in 2009 in terms of value. The figure below depicts the top 10 countries based on number of new products launched in the soft drinks market in 2009. Figure 1: 2009 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% % contribution 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Top 10 countries based on number of new soft drinks product launches, Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5 Rank 6 Rank 7 Rank 8 Rank 9 Rank 10 US Japan China UK Germany Russia France Canada Italy Brazil Rank 13 India Source: Datamonitor’s Product Launch Analytics DATAMONITOR In addition to health related product launches, manufacturers are also using innovative marketing strategies to reach out to a larger consumer base. For example, Real juices used Disney characters for the promotion of its fruit juices amongst school going kids. Booster Juice, an international company which manufactures smoothies has used an innovative marketing initiative by signing the only Indian ‘Ultraman’ athlete (Ultraman is a title conferred for completion of a combination of high endurance athletic events such as long-distance triathlon etc. ), Anu Vaidyanathan as its brand ambassador for its smoothies promoting the importance of nutrition and fitness through its brands. Similarly, Dabur has signed Zaheer Khan, a leading Indian cricketer as the brand ambassador for its energy drink brand, Dabur Glucose. Coca-Cola in its recent Ad campaign used a traditional Indian art form, Warli to capture the mood of the festive season of Diwali. It also has several marketing initiatives such as offers of free home trips to participants from any part of the country etc. Considering that the soft drinks sector in India is seasonal and sales pick up a bit after during the festive season, most players in the market are actively campaigning to capture this demand. On-Trade: Apart from the retail market, foodservice or on-trade sector appears to be another lucrative avenue for manufacturers to cash in on the growing demand for soft drinks in India. Segments such as carbonates, energy drinks, bottled water etc. already enjoy a high share from the on-trade segment. However, for categories such as juice, which is in its nascent stage in the country, the on-trade sector promises a huge potential for growth. The juice bar model is similar to the cafe outlets such as Barista and Coffee Day chains and these enterprises aim to replicate the success of the latter to provide a healthier alternative. Figure consciousness being the latest fad, these juice bars appears to be the ideal place to visit after a grueling work-out at the gym for students and executives. This model is already a big hit in the western markets with players such as ‘Jamba Juice’ and ‘Smoothie King’ garnering good volumes in the US market. Currently, places with large footfalls such as shopping malls, office complexes and convention centers have juice bar joints in India. Apart from these, there are a few independent juice bar chains that are coming up in different parts of the country. Retail outlets such as ‘Amorettos’ in Delhi, ‘HAS Juice bar’ in Mumbai and ‘Bloom Juices’ in Mohali and multinational chains such as ‘New Zealand Naturals’ fall under the juice bar category. Apart from offering the regular fresh fruit juices, these outlets also offer exotic options such as ‘Fresh Wheat Grass’, ‘Fat Free Smoothies’ and ayurvedic herb based natural fruit juices in their menu. The benefits with each of these different juices are clearly explained so that the customers have greater awareness about the ideal juices for themselves. Similarly, other categories such as RTD teas, coffees etc. can be a hit with consumers in the on-trade sector. While the foodservice establishments offer the advantage of more information and hygienic conditions they are still far behind when it comes to price competition with the unorganized sector outlets such as road side juice shops. The price in these outlets as compared to the unorganized sector for a product like juice is higher by 3-4 times. This becomes a critical factor for the success amongst the price conscious Indian consumers. This sector has to come up with initiatives which increase awareness levels amongst consumers regarding the health benefits etc. offered through their products in order to gain acceptance in the Indian market. ENDS – This is based on Datamonitor’s analysis and inputs from Datamonitor’s latest report ‘Soft drinks in India. ’ For further information on this title, please contact Aartee Sundheep on +91 40 6672 9586 or [emailprotected] com.

Key definitions in teaching

Key definitions in teaching 1.2 Reflect on ways in which professional practice promotes equality of opportunity and values diversity Based on an observed lesson, write a reflective account about how effectively your practice promotes equality of opportunity and values diversity. In your account you must consider: How promoting equality and diversity protects learners from harm. Actions that you take to value learners. The information that you provide to learners and how this is provided Your communication strategies and own behaviour in promoting equality, diversity and inclusion. How working with other agencies and professionals supports your inclusive practice. Unit 7, LO3.2 also contributes to this assessment criterion 1.3 Explain the contribution of learning to personal development, community development and economic growth You need to complete the following table and explain how each aspect of learning contributes to the listed areas 1.4 Analyse the impact of own professional values on learning and teaching Complete the following table. You need to discuss the following What these things are (describe them) How they could affect (impact) on you own professionalism as a teacher LO2 – Understand policies and regulatory requirements relating to the lifelong learning sector 2.1 Analyse the implications for and impact of government policies on practice in the lifelong learning sector Complete the table below, discussing the implication of each policy and how they have impacted on the sector. 2.2 Analyse ways in which government policies and the requirements of regulatory bodies impact on practice in own specialist area Complete the table below. This is similar to the previous one, but you must focus on your own specialist area. LO2.3 Explain the roles of regulatory and funding bodies in the lifelong learning sector Write a report which fully covers the following topics in detail: 1) Funding and regulation. Explain the roles and purposes of key agencies responsible for funding and regulation (e.g. Sector Skills Councils, LSIS, SFA, HEFC, OFSTED, EU funding). Analyse how these agencies have an impact on how the sector is run. 2) Quality improvement. Explain the roles and purposes of key agencies responsible for quality improvement (e.g. QAA, OFSTED, LSIS, IFL, Awarding Organisations, Matrix, ISO, etc.) and how these agencies have an impact on quality and quality improvement in the sector 3) The inspection process. Analyse how the inspection process (Ofsted and the Common Inspection Framework) has an impact on practice is the sector. LO3 Be able to contribute to quality improvement and quality assurance systems and Procedures 3.1 Review own role and contribution in quality improvement and quality assurance in the organisation Complete this table by discussing how you are involved and contribute to these quality procedures. LO 3.2 Examine the role of assessment and evaluation in the quality cycle This is covered in Unit 5, 1.3, 2.1 and 4.1 LO 3.3 Produce accurate assessment data and records This is covered in Unit 5, 2.2, 2.3 3.4 Assess the validity and reliability of data relating to own learners Attach a copies learner tracking sheets, course reviews, evaluations, etc. then comment on the following: 3.5 Communicate assessment information to those with an interest in learner achievement This is covered in Unit 5 – 2.3 3.6 – Evaluate a learning programme in accordance with the quality systems and procedures in the organisation 3.7 – Communicate the result of evaluation of a learning program. To cover these two criteria you will need to conduct, or take part in, a course review and produce a report that can be shared with others responsible for quality assurance and continuous quality improvement within your organisation. The report should contain quantitative, e.g. success, achievement and retention data along with qualitative data, e.g. student surveys, etc. You may need to add brief explanations for why you have met, exceeded or failed to meet National Benchmark Data, client expectations, funding agency requirements, etc. LO4 – Understand how to develop learners’ wider skills in own specialist area 4.1 Analyse how the development of wider skills can improve learner motivation, confidence and achievement Complete the following table by analysing how the listed methods may be able to improve learner motivation, confidence and achievement 4.2 Evaluate ways to provide opportunities for learners to develop wider skills Explain the good (positive) and not so good (negative) points about the following methods that could be used to help learners develop wider skills: LO5 – Be able to evaluate and improve your own wider professional practice 5.1 Analyse the effectiveness of own wider professional practice 5.2 Reflect on strengths and areas for improvement in own wider professional practice Evaluate your own wider professional practice by completing this table: 5.3 Engage in professional development opportunities to improve own wider professional practice For each area listed above where you either need some or lots of improvement complete this table of CPD activities: Area CPD activity I will undertake to improve By when?

Homeless Children and the Educational System Essay -- Family Poor Pape

Homeless Children and the Educational System Many people still think of homeless transients as alcoholics and/or mentally disabled. The truth is, the current homeless population consists of runaway adolescents, single adult males or females, battered women and over one million homeless families with children – typically headed by a female parent. To be homeless means that one’s primary residence is a public or private shelter, emergency housing, hotel, motel, living with family or friends or any public space – like parks, automobiles, aqueducts or abandoned buildings (Pawlas, 1996). Statement of the Problem With the number of homeless students on the rise, schools encounter new educational challenges that include: establishing and maintaining enrollment procedures that would not discourage school attendance; lack of teacher-training/awareness in the special needs of homeless children; the non-existence of a school transfer system for homeless children that would be least destructive to a child's education, while all the time not overlooking the basic needs of food, clothing, shelter, security and medical care that homeless families with children require immediately. Framing Question Homelessness is now a major problem in the United States, with the growing population being homeless families or single mothers and their children. Due to the rapid growth and obvious presence (shelters, visibility) of homeless families in the United States – Are the legally mandated educational rights of homeless children being fulfilled? If so, how? If not, why not? Review of Literature The plight of homeless families with children was initially addressed in 1987. Congress passed the... ... http://www.ed.gov/database/Eric.Digest/ed308276.html Wells, Amy Stuart: Education Provisions of the McKinney Act (1989) http://www.ed.gov/database/Eric.Digest/ed.308276.html Wells, Amy Stuart: Problems Facing Local Educators (1989) http://www.ed.gov/database/Eric.Digest/ed.308276.html Eddowes, A (1994). Schools Providing Safer Environments for Homeless Children. Childhood Education Nunez, R., Collignon, K. (1997). Creating a Community of Learning for Homeless Children. Educational Leadership Pawles, G. West, G. Brookes, C. Russell (1994). A Safety Net for Homeless Students. Educational Leadership Rafferty, Y. (1998). Meeting the Educational Needs of Homeless Children. Educational Leadership Yon, M. (1994). Educating Homeless Children in the United States. Equity and Excellence in Education

Francis Bacons Scientifically Revolutionary Utopia Essay -- essays res

Francis Bacon’s Scientifically Revolutionary Utopia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The New Atlantis is a seventeenth century depiction of a utopia by Francis Bacon. In this novel, Francis Bacon continues on More’s utopian ideas. Unlike More, however, Bacon relied on societal change via advancements in science and ones own awareness of his environment rather than through religious reforms or social legislation. The seventeenth century marks a period in history where drastic social change occurred. This change, however, was not as much political or technological but religious. During this time, the introduction of ideas and theories, starting with the renown Galileo and Isaac Newton, spread a wave of enlightenment across Europe as people began to question the teachings and the overall infidelity of the church.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beginning in the seventeenth century Europeans began seeing a shift from the med-evil teachings of the church to a more enlightened scientific world. Although the Catholics were still against science and political democracy, a wave of new Protestants were very progressive. With the Catholic Church becoming aware that it was loosing some of its following to science, it tried desperate measures such as the inquisition where they questioned and tried to get rid of people not committed and devout to the church. Despite these measures, however, the church was basically trying to hold back the tide as a plethora of knowledge began to flow into society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Galileo was born in 1564 in a time where society was very conforming to the teachings of the church. Despite his discoveries, Galileo was very religious though he tied religion and science into his life. Galileo’s great contribution to science was the telescope, however his greater contribution was the gift of awareness and knowledge. Before Galileo, it was generally accepted that the earth was the center of the universe. This was not based upon data or facts, but merely because the church said so. Prior to the seventeenth century, Europe was stuck in the med-evil era of church teachings. With Galileo’s telescope, however, he was able to show that the sun rather than the earth was the center of the universe. Although this new discovery had a large scientific value, it had a larger impact to society on a religious level.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  &nb... ...ls. This is exemplified in the book when the servants and priests refuse to be paid twice for their civil duties. These basic ideas are carried on into the nineteenth century and the period of the enlightenment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the nineteenth century, skepticism about Christianity is formulated and people begin to look for rationality and reasoning behind every day life. Furthermore, the concept of â€Å"tabula rasa† or â€Å"blank slate† is formed and people begin to realize that positions should be filled based on qualifications and skill rather than bloodlines.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All in all, Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis is the first of the scientific utopias and his ideas are definitely indicative of seventeenth century and the scientific revolution. Bacon’s ideas for utopia are more realistic than other communistic utopias in that he proposes to satisfy people’s wants for material possessions through scientific advances rather than through coaxing them into higher moral states. Bacon urged his readers to actively seek out this perfect world and in many ways, though not actually occurring, society gravitates towards this ideal in the eighteenth century.

Hamlet Speech Draft Essay

In Shakespeare’s famous play â€Å"Hamlet†, Hamlet reveals the duality of human nature as he is the hero of one plot whilst a villain in the other. Hamlet portrays the heroic characteristics through bravery and fearlessness. On the other hand, he is a villain because he is a coward, disrespectful and he would do anything to achieve and benefit for himself. But Hamlet is neither a complete hero nor a complete villain. He is both, and this contributes to Shakespeare’s message concerning the duality of human nature. The following paragraphs will elaborate on Hamlet’s 3 different types of personalities. Hamlet being a hero of a plot is a major theme in the play. This is shown by through his actions of avenging his father’s death by killing the current king Claudius, Hamlets uncle. Hamlet demonstrates the quality of braveness by following the ghost ignoring the fears of his friend for him strong enough to break the restraining hold and follows the horrible illusion not knowing what could happen to him. [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 1, Scene 4, 88 – 95] â€Å"Hold off your hands†, â€Å"My fate cries out and makes each petty artery in this body as hardy as the Nemean lion’s nerve. Still am I called.- Unhand me, gentleman. By heaven, I’ll make a ghost of him that lets me! I say, away. -Go on. I’ll follow thee. Hamlet does this because he is in desperate urge of wanting to discover how his father died and that he truly loves his father. The final reason for Hamlet being a hero is because he is not afraid of facing a politically superior man. This means that hamlet is not afraid to face the king; a person more powerful than him and tell everyone the truth about what happened to his father. Hamlet demonstrates the quality of fearlessness when is ready to fight the king. This is proven when he says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 5, Scene2 198 -200] â€Å"I am constant to my purpose, they follow the King’s pleasure. If his fitness speaks, mine is ready. Now or whensoever, provided I be so able as now† These words show that Hamlet’s fearlessness quality and that he is not afraid of facing a person much more powerful than him. Hamlet shows his bravery, fearlessness and determination through his action and speech and those are the qualities of a hero. Although Hamlet has many great Heroic qualities, he also has numerous villain characteristics shown through his actions and speech. He may be seen as a villain because he caused the death to the whole royal family including Polonius, Ophelia and even himself. One of his villain characteristics is portrayed when Hamlet said some harsh words to his mother making her feel threatened. [Hamlet-Shakespeare, Act 3, Scene 4, 21-23] â€Å"Come, come, and sit you down. You shall not budge. You go not till I set you up a glass Where you may see the inmost part of you†. These words illustrate one of Hamlet’s villain characteristics of being disrespectful. In addition to that, he broke Ophelia’s heart, as well as killing her father which caused her to become insane and lead her to commit suiciding. He also lied to his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern changing the letter making them the suspect of execution. Hamlet says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 5, Scene 2, 61-66] â€Å"Why, man, they did make love to this employment. They are not near my conscience. Their defeat does by their own insinuation grow. ‘Tis dangerous when the baser nature comes between the pass and fell incensed points of mighty opposites.† This shows that Hamlet is a coward, not facing execution himself but had to make his innocent friends face execution for him. These evidences proves that Hamlet is a villain because the death of the king Claudius, Gertrude, Ophelia, Laertes, Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and himself is caused by him either directly or indirectly. Shakespeare uses the characters in the play Hamlet, especially the protagonist Hamlet to imitate the duality of human nature. Hamlet is a perfect example of a duality because he is both noble and immoral at the same time. An example of this is at the beginning when he is shocked over his father death and his mother’s quick remarriage to his uncle. This is shown in the text when Hamlet says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 1, Scene 2, 151-158] â€Å"even she – O, God, a beast, that wants discourse of reason would have mourned longer – married with my uncle, my father’s brother, but no more like my father than I to Hercules. Within a month, ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears had left the flushing in her galled eyes, She married.† He then changes when he soon discovers about how his father was murdered and desires to seek revenge. Another example of a duality is that Hamlet exposes the noble side of himself. This is when he grieves for his father and despises the situation that his mother has left him in. He says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 1, Scene 2, 85-88] â€Å"These indeed seem, for they are actions that a man might play. But I have that within which passes show these but the trappings and the suits of woe.† This makes the reader feel that he dislikes his mother but on the contrary he still loves her even though she has left him in a miserable situation. These examples portray the duality of human nature from the character Hamlet. Hamlet can be both the hero due to the bravery and fearlessness he has shown through his actions. Although he shows heroic qualities, he can still be a villain through his coward, disrespectful and immoral actions. Hamlet is often noticed that he has more than one side to his personality at the same time and this is revealed through the play when he stands for what he believes in and takes avenge for his father’s death but in the contrary not only did he kill Claudius, he was involved in everyone’s death including Ophelia, Polonius, Gertrude, Laertes, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and that he would do anything to achieve and benefit for himself. Through these actions, Hamlet portrays the qualities of the duality of human nature.